Chronic renal insufficiency, diet therapy, chronic renal insufficiency in the
diet to restore the principle of patients should know:
1, kidney patients how to intake of vegetables, fruits
Kidney patients if urine is normal, no oliguria and renal failure should eat
more vegetables, fruits, in order to supply adequate vitamin. Such as patients
with decreased urine output, in particular, is less than 500 ml a day, they have
selective consumption of vegetables and fruits. As vegetables, fruits, generally
potassium rich, while patients with kidney disease oliguria, serum potassium
levels significantly increased. Hyperkalemia can cause cardiac arrest,
life-threatening.
Vegetables, fruits, cereals are foods rich in potassium, high potassium
fruits watermelon, banana, pineapple, mango, dates, melons, etc.; amaranth,
spinach, celery, carrots, vegetables, high potassium, bamboo shoots, potatoes
and so on. Renal patients in the oliguric stage should eat less, if the use of
diuretics, potassium low, you can eat, especially fresh fruit juice rich in
potassium, you can use oral potassium.
Hami melon is rich in potassium, contains about 250 milligrams of potassium
per 100 g flesh. High levels of potassium in the body can trigger heart disease,
bradycardia, conduction block and other life-threatening. Renal failure,
glomerular filtration rate, tubular function decreased and potassium metabolism
disorders, but not in a timely manner to the excess of potassium excreted,
resulting in hyperkalemia. Therefore, patients with renal failure, should not
eat cantaloupe.
2, kidney patients how to restrict salt intake
Regardless of what kind of kidney disease, edema, it is necessary to restrict
salt intake.Edema, a day should be limited to less than 1 g in serious cases,
salt-free diet. Until urine protein to reduce edema, the amount of salt may be
appropriate to increase, but should also be a day over 5 grams. The purpose of
the low-salt diet to reduce body of water, sodium retention, edema and decreased
blood pressure.
1 to 2 grams per day of salt (trumpet toothpaste cap filled with about 1
gram), with no dishes, because it put the dishes are basically tasteless, to
change the eating. Morning sweets; noon one gram of salt on the small dish with
vegetable sauce with it. Thus, the total intake unchanged, but tasted salty, and
can stimulate appetite. But we know that low-salt diet, can not eat pickles,
pickles, mustard, salt, bread, fritters, do not eat seaweed, rape, spinach,
fennel, celery, day lily flowers, radish. Because these foods are high sodium
content per one hundred grams. Eat a lot of these foods, it is equal to an
increase in the amount of salt.
3 patients with
renal failure should not eat the products of the sea
(water)
Chronic nephritis due to urinary protein loss more when renal function is
still good blood non-protein nitrogen concentration is not high, you can add a
lot of protein. When renal insufficiency, and must be accompanied by decreased
urine output, high-protein food unfit for human consumption, otherwise, will
happen after eating uremia. Therefore, a higher protein content of the sea
(water) products, such as sea cucumbers, dace, Le fish, yellow croaker, tiger
fish, mandarin fish, etc. should not eat.
4, uremic patients how to arrange the diet of three meals a day
The main non-staple food of the breakfast (1): You can use fresh milk 100 ml
plus 50 grams of sugar, or lotus root starch plus sugar water prepared bowl,
several pieces of Jiamai starch biscuits or fried potatoes, a small amount, or
the eggs one. The discretion to add lotus seeds, dates and so on. Some people
like to add some Kaobai Shu, raisins, chicken, burned potatoes and other.
(2) the staple food for lunch: wheat starch, bread, cakes, dumplings,
steamed, ravioli, etc. can be used.
(3) dinner staple food: selection with the same lunch staple food.
5, limit protein intake. This is quite contradictory things. Protein on the
growth and development in children is the most important nutrients, and
premature to restrict or limit the partial strict on growth adversely.
Therefore, the performance based on clinical symptoms, and blood urea nitrogen
level to grasp the opportunity. Restriction of protein intake is to limit the
plant proteins (biological lowest). The high-quality animal protein should be
adequate supply. Moderate renal dysfunction per kg of body weight per day 1 to 2
grams of protein (normal children need 2 to 3 grams is appropriate). Severe
renal dysfunction according the supply of 0.6 to 1 g per day per kilogram of
body weight.