Stage-4 Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Failure

More and more patients are diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease because of the poor living habits. Chronic Kidney Disease is divided into five stages according to Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). The decrease of Glomerular Filtration Rate is closely related to the declining of kidney function. Stage-4 Chronic Kidney Disease means patients have entered into the stage of Kidney Failure. GFR in stage-4 CKD is 15-29 ml/min. Stage-4 Chronic Kidney Disease can be seen a Kidney Failure. Patients with Kidney Failure should treat disease as soon as possible. Some patients are diagnosed with stage-4 Chronic Kidney Disease when they saw a doctor for the first time. They feel confused that before they go to see a doctor, there are no uncomfortable feelings or symptoms.

Do you know the compensatory ability of kidneys?

The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs that lie on either side of the spine in the lower middle of the back. Each kidney weighs about ¼ pound and contains approximately one million to two million filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron is made of a glomerulus and a kidney tubule. The glomerulus is a miniature filtering or sieving device while the tubule is a tiny tube like structure attached to the glomerulus.

Compensatory ability of kidneys means 50% kidney function is enough for the normal work of the whole body. Normal people can give one kidney to another people. Generally speaking, if patients’ kidney function is damaged slightly or less than 50% percent, there are usually no symptoms so that people will ignore the existence of kidney disease. Therefore, people should take routine tests so as to guarantee the healthy body. As for patients with stage-4 CKD, they have already in a serious condition so there are many symptoms.

Do you know the symptoms of stage-4 Chronic Kidney Disease?

◆ Fatigue: Feeling tired is common for people with CKD and is often caused by anemia.

◆ Swelling: A person may notice swelling (edema) in their lower legs, hands or face around the eyes. With too much fluid, someone could even feel short of breath.

◆ Urination changes: Urine may be foamy if there is protein in it, or dark orange, brown, tea colored or red if it contains blood.

◆ Sleep problems: Some people have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep. Itching, muscle cramps or restless legs can keep them awake.

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Beneficial Porridge for Patients with Kidney Failure

Patients with kidney failure should restrain the intake of sodium, phosphorus and potassium. Patients usually confused with the diet. Here are two kinds of porridge and one soup which are good for patients with kidney failure. Family members of patients can prepare the foods for them.
Porridge with Peanut and small red bean

Raw material:
peanuts 60grams (with red skin), cogongrass rhizome 50g (fresh), sticky rice 30g, small red beans 60g, proper white sugar (not too sweet).
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Why the Young Get Kidney Failure

On mentioning Kidney Failure or failures of other organs, we can not connect them with the young, who are usually considered to be energetic or vigorous. However, it is reported that there is a tendency that more and more young people get severe diseases like Kidney Failure. Seemingly it happens suddenly, but Chronic Kidney Failure is a long term of damage to kidneys, which may be caused directly or indirectly by the bad habits in daily life. As for the young, there are two main reasons for Kidney Failure.

Life pressure and bad habits

At present, the world is full of competition. Children are educated to hold the ideal that they are not successful until they are more outstanding than others. In workplace, people tend to work overtime, because only the higher position can bring them better life. Most young people have difficulties in finding a suitable job and continuing to learn more to catch up with others. In competition of life and work, those young people are likely to have irregular lifestyles, such as not having breakfast or having just a little junk food, smoking and doing fewer sports. Finishing all work, most of them love indulging themselves in drinking, eating and other entertainment, which will break the order of kidney’s working. Longstanding unhealthy dietary regiment may cause toxin depositing and burden the kidneys.

Lack of attention to Kidney Failure

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The Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Failure (CKF)

Chronic Kidney Failure is also called chronic renal failure, which means the declining of kidney function. Stage-3 chronic kidney disease is the early-stage Kidney Failure and patients at this stage begin to show symptoms. Chronic kidney disease can be diagnosed by the observation of a combination of symptoms, physical examination and elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine (Cr) levels.

Tests for people to diagnose Chronic Kidney Failure (CKF):

Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Failure should do urine test. People with Kidney Failure all can find abnormal changes of urine such as foamy urine, light color, dark color or red color, increase or decrease of urine volume and frequency urinate at night. If there is anyone of the symptoms, they should send a urine sample to doctors and they can test it for kidney disease. The presence of blood in urine indicates the damage of blood vessels. The presence of protein called albumin in urine may indicate Chronic Kidney Failure.

Diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Failure should do blood test. Blood test is a test for Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Creatinine is produced by muscle metabolism. If there are high Creatinine and BUN, it means the damage of kidneys and the declining of kidney function.

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Symptoms for Kidney Failure in Different Stages

Kidney Failure is usually divided into there stages, which are early-stage Kidney Failure, moderate-stage of Kidney Failure and end-stage Kidney Failure. Each stage has different characteristics. Some people want to know the knowledge about symptoms at each stage so as to judge at which stage Kidney Failure they are. Only according to the knowledge about symptoms, of course, can’t exactly or precisely know the specific stage of Kidney Failure. You should do urine test, blood test, kidney function test as well as bilateral Ultrasound, which can tell you the real illness condition scientifically.

Early-stage Kidney Failure

During this stage, patients are suffering from hypertension, ischemia, sepsis or nephrotoxin, and all of which can easily cause Acute Tubular Necrosis. However, no serious damages have been caused to kidney parenchyma during this time, so the symptoms are inconspicuous. In order to prevent the occurrence of Acute Tubular Necrosis, urine ordinary test and blood test are necessary for the timely detection and treatment of this disease.

Moderate-stage Kidney Failure

Vomiting and Nausea of Patients with Kidney Failure

Most patients with Kidney Failure have symptoms of nausea and vomiting which are usually considered as stomach trouble, delaying treatment. Most Patients with Kidney Failure are confused that why they have the symptoms of nausea and vomiting.

When patients are suffering from end-stage kidney failure, body metabolism can be changed, which can stimulate bacteria lived in gastrointestinal tract to secrete urea enzymes. This urea enzyme can break urine down into amino which has a strong stimulation to gastrointestinal tract, causing symptoms of nausea, vomiting, low appetite and hemorrhage of ulcer, or even intractable hiccup. Bad smell in mouth and amino smell in breath happen complicatedly. Besides, diarrhea is also a serious symptom of Patients with Kidney Failure.

Urea nitrogen is the main toxin of patient with kidney failure, but not the only one. Some other toxins are also related with kidney failure, such as guanidines, phenols, aromatic acids, creatinine, uric acids and fatty acid, accumulation of all these toxins can cause gastrointestinal tract symptoms and affect permeability of cell membrane and ion operation. Besides, this can also damage Red Blood Cells, which can lead to Anemia. Most of these toxins can be degraded in kidneys, but when Kidney Disease develops into end stage, kidney clearance rate decreases obviously. For this reason, there is a high concentration of these toxins in blood, and then clinical symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms happen.

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Life Span for Patients with Kidney Failure after Kidney Transplantation

Kidney Transplantation is method which can transplant a proper kidney into people’s body to replace the damaged kidney to play function. Successful kidney transplantation can help people with Kidney Failure get rid of the torture of dialysis. However, kidney transplantation has disadvantages such as the kidney source is the most difficult problem to solve, everyday, there will have thousands of people dies of no proper kidneys. In addition, kidney transplantation will cost people a lot of money. They have to take immunomodulator for a whole life, which is also a big cost. Some rich people will care about the life span after doing kidney transplantation.

Actually, the life span after doing kidney transplantation is various among people. The general livability for people who have done kidney transplantation is: one year life accounts for 90%, five years life accounts for 5%, ten years life accounts for 1%.

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